Physics
On a cold day when the room temperature is 15°C, the metallic cap of a pen becomes much colder than its plastic body, though both are at the same temperature of 15°C, because :

Plastics have a higher thermal conductivity than metals
Metals have higher thermal capacity than plastics
Metals are good conductors of heat
Plastics have a lower density than metals

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Physics
Radiocarbon is produced in the atmosphere as a result of

Lightning discharge in atmosphere.
Action of ultraviolet light from the sun on atmospheric oxygen.
Action of solar radiations particularly cosmic rays on carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere.
Collision between fast neutrons and nitrogen nuclei present in the atmosphere.

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