Language Processors
Multiprogramming was made possible by

operating systems
neither (a) nor (b)
both (a) and (b)
input/output units that operate independently of the CPU

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Language Processors
A loader is

a program that places programs into memory and prepares them for execution
a program that automate the translation of assembly language into machine language
is a program that appears to execute a source program as if it were machine language
program that accepts a program written in a high level language and produces an object program

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Language Processors
Assembly code data base is associated with

a permanent table of decision rules in the form of patterns for matching with the uniform symbol table to discover syntactic structure
consists of a full or partial list or the tokens as they appear in the program. Created by Lexical analysis and used for syntax analysis and interpretation
assembly language version of the program which is created by the code generation phase and is input to the assembly phase
a permanent table which lists all key words and special symbols of the language in symbolic form

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Language Processors
The function(s) of the Storage Assignment is/are:

to assign storage to literals, and to ensure that the storage is allocated and appropriate locations are initialized
to assign storage to all temporary locations that are necessary for intermediate results
to assign storage to all variables referenced in the source program
All of these

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Language Processors
In analyzing the compilation of PL/I program, the term "Machine independent optimization" is associated with

use of macro processor to produce more optimal assembly code
recognition of basic elements and creation of uniform symbols
recognition of basic syntactic constructs through reductions
creation of more optional matrix

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