Environmental Science
The primary cause of a radiation inversion is:

Solar radiation absorbed by the earth's surface
Solar radiation reflected by the earth's surface
Infrared radiation absorbed by the atmosphere and clouds
Infrared radiation emitted by the earth's surface
Infrared radiation absorbed by the earth's surface

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Environmental Science
The order of basic processes involved in succession is

Invasion->stabilization-> competition and co action->Reaction>nudation
Invasion-> Nudation->competition and co action->Reaction>stabilization
Nudation->Invasion-> competition and co action->reaction>stabilization
Nudation->stabilization-> competition and co action->Invasion>reaction

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