Refractory Technology
Thermal conductivity of refractory bricks

Increases with the amount of air entrapped in pores
Increases with decrease in porosity
Decreases with decreases in porosity
Is independent of its porosity and is maximum for insulating bricks

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Refractory Technology
Addition of grog in fireclay brick during its manufacture is advantageous, because it results in

Less addition of water to get a workable plasticity & lesser time required for drying the raw refractories and hence increased rate of production
All of these
High strength & thermal spalling resistance
Less shrinkage in heating, decreased apparent porosity & increased specific gravity

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