System Analysis and Design
Main characteristic of "ring", in Data structure, is

Last record points to the first record
First record points only to the last record
Each record points to all other records
Many records point to one record

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

System Analysis and Design
Indexed-Sequential organization

uses an index for each key type
means storing records in contiguous blocks according to a key
stores records sequentially but uses an index to locate records
has records placed randomly throughout the file

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

System Analysis and Design
Data manipulation language (DML)

specifies for the DBMS what is required; the techniques used to process data
all of the listed here
describes how data are structured in the data base
determine how data must be structured to produce the user's view

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP