Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
In forced circulation type boiler

Feed pump is employed to supplement natural circulation in water wall type furnace
Water is supplied in drum and through down comers located in atmospheric condition it passes to the water wall and rises to drum in the form of mixture of water and steam
Heating takes place at bottom and the water supplied at bottom gets converted into the mixture of steam bubbles and hot water which rise to drum
Water is converted into steam in one pass without any recirculation

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
For water, at pressures below atmospheric;

Melting point rises slightly and boiling point drops markedly
Melting point drops slightly and boiling point drops markedly
Melting point rises markedly and boiling point drops markedly
Melting point drops slightly and boiling point drops slightly

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
The power of a boiler may be defined as

The evaporation of 15.653 kg of water per hour from and at 100° C
The amount of water evaporated or steam produced in kg per kg of fuel burnt
The ratio of heat actually used in producing the steam to the heat liberated in the furnace
The amount of water evaporated from and at 100° C into dry and saturated steam

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