Electrical Machines
In dc machines, the field-flux axis and armature-mmf axis are respectively along

 quadrature axis and interpolar axis
 direct axis and interpolar axis
 quadrature axis and direct axis
 direct axis and indirect axis

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Electrical Machines
Interpoles in a DC motor must be

 Shunt excited and should have the same polarity as that of the ahead main pole in the direction of rotation of armature.
 Shunt excited and should have the same polarity as that of the behind main pole in the direction of rotation of armature.
 Series excited and should have the same polarity as that of the behind main pole in the direction of rotation of armature.
 Series excited and should have the same polarity as that of the ahead main pole in the direction of rotation of armature.

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