Design of Steel Structure
In case of timber structures, the simple bending formula M = fz may be applied for

solid circular beams only
rectangular beams up to 300 mm depth
all square cross-section beams
all rectangular beams

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Design of Steel Structure
The mechanism method and the statical method give

upper bound on the strength of structure
upper and lower bounds respectively on the strength of structure
lower and upper bounds respectively on the strength of structure
lower bound on the strength of structure

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