Chemical Reaction Engineering
In case of staged packed bed reactors carrying out exothermic reaction, use

Plug flow for dilute liquid requiring no large preheating of feed
High recycle for pure gas
Cold shot operations for a dilute solution requiring large preheating to bring the stream upto the reaction temperature
All of these

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Chemical Reaction Engineering
For a first order isothermal chemical reaction in a porous catalyst, the effectiveness factor is 0.3. The effectiveness factor will increase if the

Catalyst size is increased or the catalyst diffusivity is reduced
Catalyst size is reduced or the catalyst diffusivity is increased
Catalyst size is increased or the catalyst diffusivity is increased
Catalyst size is reduced or the catalyst diffusivity is reduced

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