Language Processors
In analyzing the compilation of PL/I program, the term "Machine independent optimization" is associated with

recognition of basic syntactic constructs through reductions
recognition of basic elements and creation of uniform symbols
use of macro processor to produce more optimal assembly code
creation of more optional matrix

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Language Processors
The advantage(s) of incorporating the macro processor into pass 1 is/ are:

Functions are combined and it is not necessary to create intermediate files as output from the macro processor and input to the assembler
more flexibility is available to the programmer in which he/she may use all the features of the assembler in conjunction with macros
many functions do not have to be implemented twice
All of these

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