Design of Steel Structure
In a gusseted base, when the end of the column is machined for complete bearing on the base plate, then the axial load is assumed to be transferred to base plate

50% by direct bearing and 50% through fastenings
Fully by direct bearing
75% by direct bearing and 25% through fastenings
Fully through fastenings

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Design of Steel Structure
The mechanism method and the statical method give

lower and upper bounds respectively on the strength of structure
upper bound on the strength of structure
upper and lower bounds respectively on the strength of structure
lower bound on the strength of structure

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Design of Steel Structure
The sway bracing is designed to transfer

25% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing
50% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing
2Vi % of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing
10% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing

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