System Analysis and Design
In a Decision tree

all of the listed here
the nodes represent the conditions, with the right wise of tree listing the actions to be taken
the branch, to be followed, depends on the conditions and decisions, to be made
the root is drawn on the left and is the starting point on the decision sequence

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System Analysis and Design
The black-box concept:

None of these
assumes that inputs and outputs will remain stable
is invoked by describing a system in terms of inputs and outputs, leaving the transformation process a black box.
assumes that the black box is independent
All of these

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System Analysis and Design
The approach used in top-down analysis and and design is

All of these
None of these
to identify the top level functions by combining many smaller components into a single entity.
to prepare flowcharts after programming has been completed
to identify a top level function and then create a hierarchy of lower level modules and components

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