Chemical Engineering Plant Economics
If an amount R is paid at the end of every year for 'n' years, then the net present value of the annuity at an interest rate of i is

[((1 + i)n - 1)/i(1 + i)n]
R/(1 + i)n
R(1 + i)n
R[((1 + i)n - 1)/i]

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Chemical Engineering Plant Economics
An annuity is a series of equal payments occuring at equal time intervals, and this amount includes the sum of all payments plus interest, if allowed to accumulate at a definite rate of interest from the time of initial payment to the end of annuity term. Ordinary annuity is used in the calculation of the

Manufacturing cost
Discrete compound interest
Depreciation by sinking fund method
Cash ratio

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