Transformers
If a transformer core has air gaps, then, _________

Eddy current is increased
Hysteresis loss is decreased
Reluctance of magnetic path is decreased
Magnetising current is greatly increased

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Transformers
The efficiency of a transformer, under heavy loads, is comparatively low because

iron loss is increased considerably
secondary output is much less as compared to primary input
copper loss becomes high in proportion to the output
voltage drop both in primary and secondary becomes large

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