Engineering Economics
If ‘a’ is the base amount expenditure, ‘b’ is the increase in the operation cost each year over a period of’ 'n’ years, the total cost of maintenance is:

a + (n + 1) b
a - (n - 1) b
a + (n - 1) b
a × (n - 1) b

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Engineering Economics
Each financial ratio is generally compared by

All of these
A past ratio calculated from the past financial standard of the firm
A ratio of some selected firms most progressive and successful at the point of consideration
A ratio developed by using the projected financial statement of the firm

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