Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of a second ring is that it is a

Cushion ring which prevents piston slap and knock
Back up oil control ring which will work in place of the bottom ring when it is broken
Compression ring and aids the top ring in sealing and cooling
Back up compression ring which will work in place of the top ring when it is broken

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The ball joints are used on the tie rod ends, because they

Improve the force transmission speed
Can deal with movement of the suspension both vertically and in other directions
Reduce the amount of sliding resistance
Reduce the amount of noise generated

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