Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
Heating value of fuel used is as on fired basis. If it is reported for dry or moisture free fuel, then latter should be multiplied by the following factor to correct for as fired value

1 + moisture content
(1- moisture content)
(1 + moisture content)
1 – moisture content

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
Carbonization of coal is the process of

Strongly heating coal continuously for about 48 hours in the absence of air in a closed vessel
Pulverizing coal in inert atmosphere
Binding the pulverized coal into briquettes
Heating wood in a limited supply of air at temperatures below 300°C

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