Carbohydrate
Gluconeogenesis requires a higher amount of ATP equivalents as compared to that produced by glycolysis because

gluconeogenesis releases energy as heat
All of these
glycolysis releases energy as heat
glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria while gluconeogenesis occurs in the cytosol

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Carbohydrate
The multistep pathways of metabolism are efficient because they

spread the enzymes for a pathway into several different organelles
locate all of the enzymes for a pathway in the same place within the cell
use the same substrate for all of the enzymes in the pathway
use the same enzyme for all of the substrates in the pathway

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