Fuels and Combustion
Fixed carbon in coal is defined as

That present in volatile matters
The total quantity of carbon present in the coal
The one which is present in the residue after combustion
Hundred minus the percentage of volatile matter, ash and moisture

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Fuels and Combustion
A carbonaceous fuel (containing no H₂ or hydrocarbons) is burnt and the resulting flue gas contains 21% CO₂. It means that

21% excess oxygen has been used for combustion
Complete combustion of fuel has taken place
No excess air has been used for combustion
21% excess air has been used for combustion

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