Stoichiometry
The boiling points for pure water and pure toluene are 100°C and 110.6°C respectively. Toluene and water are completely immiscible in each other. A well agitated equimolar mixture of toluene and water are prepared. If, at a total pressure of one standard atm. exerted by the vapours of water and toluene, the mole fraction of water Xw in the vapour phase satisfies

Xw = 1.0
0 < Xw < 0.5
0.5 < Xw < 1.0
Xw = 0.5

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Stoichiometry
An ideal gas can be liquified, because

Forces operative between its molecules are negligible
Its molecular size is very small
It gets solidified directly without becoming liquid
Its critical temperature is more than 0°C

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