Operating System (OS)
Fragmentation of the file system

occurs only if the file system is used improperly
can be temporarily removed by compaction
can always be prevented
is a characteristic of all file systems
None of these

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Operating System (OS)
The advantage(s) of incorporating the macro processor into pass 1 is(are):

many functions do not have to be implemented twice.
more flexibility is available to the programmer in that he may use all the features of the assembler in conjunction with macros.
None of these
Functions are combined and it is not necessary to create intermediate files as output from the macros processor and input to the assembler.
All of these

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