Heat Transfer
For small temperature difference, the heat transfer rate as per Newton's law of cooling is proportional to (where, Δt = excess temperature)

Δt
√Δt
Δt²
Δt³

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Heat Transfer
A process stream of dilute aqueous solution flowing at the rate of10 Kg.s⁻¹ is to be heated. Steam condensate at 95°C is available for heating purpose, also at a rate of 10 Kg.s⁻¹. A 1 - 1 shell and tube heat exchanger is available. The best arrangement is

Counter flow with process stream on shell side
Counter flow with process stream on tube side
Parallel flow with process stream on tube side
Parallel flow with process stream on shell side

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Heat Transfer
In a gas-liquid shell and tube heat exchanger, the

Gases to be heated/cooled is normally routed through the shell side, because the corrosion caused by the cooling water or steam condensate remain localised to the tubes
Gases under high pressure are routed through the tube side, because high pressure gases are corrosive in nature
Presence of a non-condensible gas decreases the condensing film co-efficient
All of these

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