Glycolysis
A kinase is an enzyme that

uses NADH to change the oxidation state of the substrate
removes water from a double bond
uses ATP to add a phosphate group to the substrate
removes phosphate groups of substrates

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Glycolysis
In glycolysis, ATP is formed by the transfer of a high-energy phosphate from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to ADR No such high-energy phosphate donor has ever been isolated in mitochondria because

the techniques for isolating the phosphate donor are not refined enough
the high-energy phosphate donor is very short-lived and difficult to isolate
None of these
no such phosphate donor exists

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Glycolysis
Why does the glycolytic pathway continue in the direction of glucose catabolism?

High levels of ATP keep the pathway going in a forward direction
There are essentially three irreversible reactions that act as the driving force for the pathway
The enzymes of glycolysis only function in one direction
Glycolysis occurs in either direction

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