Machine Design
For a shoe brake, the equivalent coefficient of friction is equal to (where μ = Actual coefficient of friction, and θ = Semi-block angle)

2μ sinθ/(θ + sinθ)
4μ sinθ/(2θ + sin 2θ)
μ sinθ/(2θ + sin 2θ)
4μ sinθ/(θ + sinθ)

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Machine Design
The elasticity is the property of a material which enables it to

Retain deformation produced under load permanently
Draw into wires by the application of a tensile force
Resists fracture due to high impact loads
Regains its original shape after deformation when the external forces are removed

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