Fertiliser Technology
Excessive use of chemical fertilisers causes shrivelling of the roots and wilting of the plant, because the

Soil becomes too alkaline
Soil becomes too acidic
Osmotic pressure of the soil water becomes higher than that of the plant sap
Osmotic pressure of the soil water becomes less than that of the plant sap

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Fertiliser Technology
Multistage operation (as in the case of catalytic oxidation of SO₂) is not carried out for NH₃ synthesis, because of

Comparatively higher pressure drop
Higher pumping cost
Chances of entrainment and disturbance of catalyst bed
High cost of the high pressure vessel used for the reactor

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