Computer Networking
CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) is

network access standard for connecting stations to a circuit-switched network
None of these
a method of determining which device has access to the transmission medium at any time
a very common bit-oriented data link protocol issued by ISO.
a method access control technique for multiple-access transmission media.

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Computer Networking
Why does the data communication industry use the layered OSI reference model?1. It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components, thus aiding component development, design, and troubleshooting.2. It enables equipment from different vendors to use the same electronic components, thus saving research and development funds.3. It supports the evolution of multiple competing standards and thus provides business opportunities for equipment manufacturers.4. It encourages industry standardization by defining what functions occur at each layer of the model.

2 and 3
3 only
1 only
1 and 4

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