Compressors, Gas Turbines and Jet Engines
Clearance volume in actual reciprocating compressors is essential

To attain high volumetric efficiency
To provide cushioning effect
To provide cushioning effect and also to avoid mechanical bang of piston with cylinder head
To accommodate Valves in the cylinder head

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Compressors, Gas Turbines and Jet Engines
For a two stage reciprocating compressor, compression from p₁ to p₃ is with perfect intercooling and no pressure losses. If compression in both the cylinders follows the same polytropic process and the atmospheric pressure is pa, then the intermediate pressure p₂ is given by

p₂ = Pa p₃/p₁
p₂ = p₁. p₃
p₂ = (p₁ + p₃)/2
P₂ = Pa × p₃/p₁

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