Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
Clearance ratio is the ratio of

Clearance volume to the swept volume
Clearance volume to the volume at cut-off
Volume at cut-off to the swept volume
Swept volume to the clearance volume

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
In recuperative air preheaters, the heat is transferred

By direct mixing
From heating an intermediate material and then heating the air from this material
From a metal wall from one medium to another
Heat is transferred by bleeding some gases from furnace

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
The indicated thermal efficiency is defined as the

Ratio of heat equivalent to indicated power to the energy supplied in steam
Ratio of thermal efficiency to the Rankine efficiency
Ratio of brake power to the indicated power
Product of thermal efficiency and Rankine efficiency

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