Chemical Process
Claude process of gas liquefaction employs

Heat exchange with colder stream
Joule-Thomson expansion cooling
Merely compression of gas beyond its critical pressure
Adiabatic expansion against a piston or in a turbine

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Chemical Process
Pitch (a product of coal tar distillation) is always mixed with creosote oil, when it is to be burnt in a burner, because

Tar neutralises the residual acids present in pitch
Its calorific value is very less
It reduces viscosity and imparts fluidity for its transportation through pipelines at economic pressure drop
All of these

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Chemical Process
Fluorescent dyes are added in detergents to

Attain distinctiveness from other brands
None of these
Act as tarnish inhibitor for metals like German silver
Act as fabric brightener (by converting ultraviolet light to visible light) thereby improving the whiteness appearance of white fabrics

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