Aurangzeb was the sixth Mughal emperor. He was the third son of Shah Jahan and his famous queen, Mumtaz Mahal. He ruled the Indian subcontinent for 49 years. He is considered as the most ablest king of the Mughal empire.
Some of the causes of Ibrahim Lodhi’s defeat in First Battle of Panipat were: 1. Babur used Artillery in the battle and Indian soldiers were not familiar with the use of artillery.2. The army of Babur was better disciplined and fully trained and well equipped.3. The country was divided into petty states and small principalities.
Iitutmish , the Sultan of Delhi, was contemporary of Mongol leader Chengiz Khan. In 1221 A.D., there was a danger of expected attack of Chengiz khan on Delhi.
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