Electrical Machines
Compensating windings are used in DC generators

  to provide path for the circulation of cooling air.
  to neutralize the cross magnetizing effect of the armature reaction.
  mainly to reduce the eddy currents by providing local short circuit.
None of these

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Electrical Machines
Commutation in a DC machine may be explained as a process

 by virtue of which emf is induced in the armature conductors.
  in which magnetic field is set up.
 how alternate flux affects the main field flux.
  by which electric current in a coil is reversed.

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