Heat Transfer
Arithmetic mean area can be used in heat transfer problem to calculate the heat flow by conduction through a cylinder which is

Both B and C
Thin walled having the value of Ao Ai/< 2
Having the value of Ao/Ai > 2
Thick walled

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Heat Transfer
Condensing film co-efficient for steam on horizontal tubes ranges from 5000 to 15000 Kcal/hr.m² .°C. Condensation of vapor is carried out inside the tube in a shell and tube heat exchanger, when the

Higher condensing film co-efficient is desired
Lower pressure drop through the exchanger is desired
Temperature of the incoming vapor is very high
Condensate is corrosive in nature

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Heat Transfer
Finned tube heat exchangers

are used for smaller heat load
facilitate very large temperature drop through tube wall
give larger area per tube
use metal fins of low thermal conductivity

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