Engineering Thermodynamics
An isolated system is one in which

Mass crosses the boundary but not the energy
Neither mass nor energy crosses the boundaries of the system
Both energy and mass cross the boundaries of the system
Mass does not cross boundaries of the system, though energy may do so

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Engineering Thermodynamics
The thermodynamic difference between a Rankine cycle working with saturated steam and the Carnot cycle is that

A Rankine cycle receives heat at two places
Rankine cycle is hypothetical
Carnot cycle can't work with saturated steam
Heat is supplied to water at temperature below the maximum temperature of the cycle

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Engineering Thermodynamics
The efficiency of a gas turbine is given by

(Isentropic increase in temperature)/(Actual increase in temperature)
(Net work output)/(Work-done by the turbine)
(Actual temperature drop)/(Isentropic temperature drop)
(Net work output)/(Heat supplied)

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