Communication Systems
An audio signal (say from 50 Hz to 10000 Hz) is frequency translated by a carrier having a frequency of 106 Hz. The values of initial (without frequency translation) and final (after frequency translation) fractional change in frequency from one band edge to the other are

200 and 10.01
200 and 200
200 and 100.1
200 and 1.01

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Communication Systems
Circular polarization

Is useful in discrimination between reception of adjacent beams
Involves critical alignment of transmitting and receiving antenna
None of these
Is useful in reducing depolarization effect on received wave

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