An audio signal (say from 50 Hz to 10000 Hz) is frequency translated by a carrier having a frequency of 106 Hz. The values of initial (without frequency translation) and final (after frequency translation) fractional change in frequency from one band edge to the other are

Communication Systems
An audio signal (say from 50 Hz to 10000 Hz) is frequency translated by a carrier having a frequency of 106 Hz. The values of initial (without frequency translation) and final (after frequency translation) fractional change in frequency from one band edge to the other are

200 and 1.01

200 and 10.01

200 and 200

200 and 100.1

200 and 1.01

200 and 10.01

200 and 200

200 and 100.1

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Communication Systems
In Pulse Code Modulation system

Suffers from the disadvantage of its incompatibly with TDM

Large bandwidth is required

Quantising noise can be overcome by companding

Quantising noise can be reduced by decreasing the number of standard levels

Suffers from the disadvantage of its incompatibly with TDM

Large bandwidth is required

Quantising noise can be overcome by companding

Quantising noise can be reduced by decreasing the number of standard levels

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Communication Systems
In Modulation, “carrier” is

Speech voltage to be transmitted

Voltage for which frequency, phase or amplitude is varied

Resultant wave

Voltage with constant frequency, phase or amplitude

Speech voltage to be transmitted

Voltage for which frequency, phase or amplitude is varied

Resultant wave

Voltage with constant frequency, phase or amplitude

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Communication Systems
Fourier analysis indicate that a square wave can be represented as

Fundamental and subharmonic sine waves

A fundamental sine wave and odd harmonics

A fundamental sine wave and harmonics

A fundamental sine wave and even harmonics

Fundamental and subharmonic sine waves

A fundamental sine wave and odd harmonics

A fundamental sine wave and harmonics

A fundamental sine wave and even harmonics

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Communication Systems
Under ordinary circumstances, impulse noise can be reduced in

FM only

AM only

Both AM and FM

None of these

FM only

AM only

Both AM and FM

None of these

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Communication Systems
For a given carrier wave, maximum undistorted power is transmitted when value of modulation is

0.8

1

0.5

0.8

1

0.5

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Communication Systems

Communication Systems An audio signal (say from 50 Hz to 10000 Hz) is frequency translated by a carrier having a frequency of 106 Hz. The values of initial (without frequency translation) and final (after frequency translation) fractional change in frequency from one band edge to the other are

Communication Systems In Pulse Code Modulation system

Communication Systems In Modulation, “carrier” is

Communication Systems Fourier analysis indicate that a square wave can be represented as

Communication Systems Under ordinary circumstances, impulse noise can be reduced in

Communication Systems For a given carrier wave, maximum undistorted power is transmitted when value of modulation is

Communication Systems
An audio signal (say from 50 Hz to 10000 Hz) is frequency translated by a carrier having a frequency of 106 Hz. The values of initial (without frequency translation) and final (after frequency translation) fractional change in frequency from one band edge to the other are

Communication Systems
In Pulse Code Modulation system

Communication Systems
In Modulation, “carrier” is

Communication Systems
Fourier analysis indicate that a square wave can be represented as

Communication Systems
Under ordinary circumstances, impulse noise can be reduced in

Communication Systems
For a given carrier wave, maximum undistorted power is transmitted when value of modulation is