Engineering Thermodynamics
According to Clausius statement of second law of thermodynamics

Heat can
Heat can be transferred for low temperature to high temperature source by using refrigeration cycle
Heat can
Heat can be transferred from low temperature to high temperature source if COP of process is more than unity

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Engineering Thermodynamics
A closed system is one in which

Both energy and mass cross the boundaries of the system
Neither mass nor energy crosses the boundaries of the system
Mass crosses the boundary but not the energy
Mass does not cross boundaries of the system, though energy may do so

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Engineering Thermodynamics
The specific heat at constant volume is

Any one of the above
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of unit mass of gas through one degree, at constant volume
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water through one degree
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of unit mass of gas through one degree, at constant pressure

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