Electrical Machines
A smaller air gap in a induction motor helps to

 reduce the chance of crawling.
 increase the starting torque.
 reduce the magnetizing current.
 reduce the chance of cogging.

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Electrical Machines
The damper windings also called the squirrel cage windings or damper grids

  are provided on the stator for improving power factor.
  are provided in a synchronous motor to make it self starting.
  consists of short-circuited copper bars embedded in the field pole faces.
  both (A) and (B).

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