Electrical Machines
A smaller air gap in a induction motor helps to

 reduce the chance of crawling.
 increase the starting torque.
 reduce the magnetizing current.
 reduce the chance of cogging.

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Electrical Machines
In a dc generator operating on load with its brushes on the geometrical neutral axis (GNA), the magnetic neutral axis (MNA) is shifted in the direction of rotation. Now, if the brushes are given a lead of 90° (electrical), then the MNA will

 coincide with the GNA
 shift forward by 90°
 shift forward by less than 90°
 shift forward by more than 90°

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