Electrical Machines
A smaller air gap in a induction motor helps to

 reduce the chance of cogging.
 reduce the chance of crawling.
 reduce the magnetizing current.
 increase the starting torque.

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Electrical Machines
In dc machines, the field system has to be provided on stator unlike synchronous machines Where in it could be on any member, because

 it reduces field structure iron losses
 commutator action is not possible otherwise
 dc machines are comparatively low rating machines.
 it gives more uniform air-gap flux distribution

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