Heat Transfer
A metal ball of radius 0.1 m at a uniform temperature of 90°C is left in air at 30°C. The density and the specific heat of the metal are 3000 kg/m³ and 0.4 kJ/kg.K respectively. The heat transfer co-efficient is 50 W/m².K Neglecting the temperature gradients inside the ball, the time taken (in hours) for the ball to cool to 60°C is

55.5
555
0.55
0.15

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Heat Transfer
The advantage of backward feed multiple effect evaporators over forward feed units is that

Heat sensitive material can be handled
Equal heat transfer co-efficients exist in various effects
Most concentrated liquid is at highest temperature
There is no additional cost of pumping

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Heat Transfer
In sub-cooled boiling,

Temperature of the heating surface is less than the boiling point of the liquid
Very large vapour space is necessary
Temperature of the heating surface is more than the boiling point of the liquid
Bubbles from heating surface are absorbed by the mass of the liquid

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