Heat Transfer
A long iron rod initially at a temperature of 20°C has one end dipped in boiling water (100°C) at time, t = 0. The curved surface of the rod is insulated so that heat conduction is one dimensional in the axial direction. The temperature at a distance 100 mm from the dipped end becomes 40°C at time, t = 200 s. The same temperature is achieved at a distance of 200 mm from the dipped end at time

t = 283 s
t = 400 s
t = 356 s
t = 800 s

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Heat Transfer
A dilute aqueous solution is to be concentrated in an evaporator system. High pressure steam is available. Multiple effect evaporator system is employed, because

Total heat transfer area of all the effects is -less than that in a single effect evaporator system
Total amount of vapor produced per Kg of feed steam in a multiple effect system is much higher than in a single effect
Boiling point elevation in a single effect system is much higher than that in any effect in a multieffect system
Heat transfer co-efficient in a single effect is much lower than that in any effect in a multieffect system

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