DC Motors
A dc series motor is that which

Can be started easily without load
Has a poor torque
Has its field winding consisting of thick wire and less turns
Has almost constant speed

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DC Motors
As there is no back e.m.f. at the instant of starting a D.C. motor, in order to prevent a heavy current from flowing though the armature circuit

A high value resistor is connected across the field winding
A resistance is connected in series with armature
A resistance is connected parallel to the armature
Armature is temporarily open circuited

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